The antenna is a part of a system that transports RF energy from a transmitter to a receiver. This type of system includes the transmitter and the antenna itself, where a method of feeding the RF energy to the antenna is very essential. So much more, the signal will propagate its way through the transmit antenna and then go to the receiving antenna. The receiving antenna will receive its RF signal and be called the receiver itself.
An antenna is an essential component of any wireless system that sends signal by transmitting successfully decoded signal. However, with the advent of our new advanced technology, the enhancement of its physical form and its uses is always racing to the advancement of our generation. In contrast to the traditional type, a dish-like antenna is born and stands out as a giant structure in an open field. Nowadays, the fishbone-like antennas that once stood firm on our rooftops and high-rise buildings in most cities are already obsolete and are being replaced with modern wireless communication antennas that suit in a highly advanced communication port.
Generally, most antennas for modern wireless communication are extremely complex in structure with irregular metal patches and finite dielectric substrates. Their typical features can also be affected by some geometric mounting device. Evaluation of these antennas must be confided on some sophisticated numerical approaches and that include integral equation techniques and limited distinctness time method. When in fact, many of these commercial design antennas are now available to simplify the process of most practicing antenna engineers.
The success of these wireless communication antenna systems have provided a fresh momentum to the continual development of generic resonant antennas such as wire antennas, microstrip patch antennas and slot antennas. Their major exertion of achievement will focus on the bandwidth improvement, multi band operation, size decreasing process and devising radiation pattern. Nevertheless, these antennas will serve as the reference for practical designs in various wireless antenna systems.
The rapid progression in the development of various wireless antenna communication systems is partly associated with the thorough planning of innovative antenna technologies including diversity antenna, meta-material based antenna and antennas for software-defined radio. Diversity antennas are antennas with multiple antenna systems which have an improved quality and reliability of a wi-fi link through a spatial or pattern diversity scheme. On the other hand, mete-material antennas are artificial composite materials produced to have a negative value of reflective index. It can bend an electromagnetic wave greater than a conventional antenna which results to reduce the size even without scaling down the frequency of the bandwidth.
With the blooming of modern wireless communication technologies, antenna research is going to a high level of significant development. It must be in small size or low in profile but had a wider frequency to reach its peak. So therefore, it is very absolute that a wireless communication antenna is required to encompass a wide frequency bandwidth and in order to achieve quality performance, it must be chartered to be in line with its environment. or several frequency bands.